Parietal Lobes Function and Brain Anatomy

The parietal lobes are one of the four main lobes or regions of the cerebral cortex. The parietal lobes are positioned behind the frontal lobes and above the temporal lobes. These lobes are important to the function and processing of sensory information, understanding spatial orientation and body awareness. Location Directionally, the parietal lobes are superior to the occipital lobes and posterior to the central sulcus and frontal lobes. The central sulcus is the large deep groove or indentation that separates the parietal and frontal lobes. Function The parietal lobes are involved in a number of important functions in the body. One of the main functions is to receive and process sensory information from all over the body. The somatosensory cortex is found within the parietal lobes and is essential for processing touch sensations. For instance, the somatosensory cortex helps us to identify the location of a touch sensation and to discriminate between sensations such as temperature and pain. Neurons in the parietal lobes receive touch, visual and other sensory information from a part of the brain called the thalamus. The thalamus relays nerve signals and sensory information between the peripheral nervous system and the cerebral cortex. The parietal lobes process the information and help us to identify objects by touch. The parietal lobes work in concert with other areas of the brain,  such as the motor cortex and visual cortex, to perform certain tasks. Opening a door, combing your hair, and placing your lips and tongue in the proper position to speak all involve the parietal lobes. These lobes are also important for understanding spatial orientation and for proper navigation. Being able to identify the position, location and movement of the body and its parts is an important function of the parietal lobes. Parietal lobe functions include: CognitionInformation ProcessingTouch Sensation (Pain, Temperature, etc.)Understanding Spatial OrientationMovement CoordinationSpeechVisual PerceptionReading and WritingMathematical Computation Damage Damage or injury to the parietal lobe can cause a number of difficulties. Some of the difficulties as it relates to language include the inability to recall the correct names of everyday items, inability to write or spell, impaired reading, and the inability to position the lips or tongue properly in order to speak. Other problems that may result from damage to the parietal lobes include difficulty in performing goal-directed tasks, difficulty in drawing and performing math calculations, difficulty in identifying objects by touch or distinguishing between different types of touch, inability to distinguish left from right, lack of hand-eye coordination, difficulty in understanding direction, lack of body awareness, difficulty in making exact movements, inability to perform complex tasks in the proper order, difficulty in localizing touch and deficits in attention.​ Certain types of problems are associated with damage caused to either the left or right hemispheres of the cerebral cortex. Damage to the left parietal lobe typically results in difficulties in understanding language and writing. Damage to the right parietal lobe results in difficulties with understanding spatial orientation and navigation. Cerebral Cortex Lobes The cerebral cortex is the thin layer of tissue that covers the cerebrum. The cerebrum is the largest component of the brain and is divided into two hemispheres with each hemisphere being divided into four lobes. Each brain lobe has a specific function. Functions of the cerebral cortex lobes involve everything from interpreting and processing sensory information to decision-making and problem-solving capabilities. In addition to the parietal lobes, the lobes of the brain consist of the frontal lobes, temporal lobes, and occipital lobes. The frontal lobes are involved in reasoning and the expression of personality. The temporal lobes assist in organizing sensory input and memory formation. The occipital lobes are involved in visual processing.

U.s. Congress Declared War Against Mexico Essay - 1681 Words

May Thirteenth, Eighteen-Forty Six, The U.S. Congress declared war against Mexico. The U.S. congress, pushed by president James K. Polk, declared war in light of many differences of political standings with a few hot button topics. The main points of issue where the two countries opposing views on slavery, the annexation of Texas and California , as well as the idea of the Manifest Destiny. The standings Mexico and the United States had on these problems directed the countries for war. The United States had numerous advantages in comparison to the Mexico ; government, troops, supply, strategy, and leadership. Mexico had been dealing with mass points of corruption within their military leaders, as well as their own political leaders. These matters lead to the downfall of Mexican rule in Texas. The Aftermath of the war, resulted in the treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo, newly inherited property, future economic inflation for the united states, the expansion westward, and brought issues to li ght that eventually sparked the Mexican- American war of eighteen-forty six and ended with the tragedy of the US civil war. However, previous to the Mexican-American war these debatable topics provoke the thought of war. By Eighteen-forty Six, the debates on these topics caused tensions to amplify until finally on May thirteenth, war was officially declared against Mexico from the united states. Even with the declaration of war against Mexico, Mexico itself never declared war against theShow MoreRelatedMexican American War : The United States784 Words   |  4 Pages Mexican-American War The Mexican-American War is one of the deadliest wars in U.S. History. This war was a Battle driven by Manifest Destiny for the Americans to acquire the territory of Texas that they felt belonged to them. 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Country Lovers a Reader’s Response Free Essays

Country Lovers, Nadine Gordimer TLC 25 November 2012 ? Nadine Gordimer dramatically depicts the theme of forbidden love in Country Lovers, but more than just the depth of this love, the forbidden relationship between races during the years of apartheid. Gordimer brings forward very early the fact of racial division, â€Å"the black children are making along with the bodily changes common to all, an easy transition to adult forms of address, beginning to call their old playmates missus and baasie little master†. Gordimer, 1975) This short story powerfully demonstrates the ever present desire for that which is taboo and the often very tragic end for all concerned in an overtly subjugated society, race notwithstanding. We will write a custom essay sample on Country Lovers: a Reader’s Response or any similar topic only for you Order Now She sets the story in South Africa on the farm owned by the white Eysendeck Family, early in the childhood of their son Paalus and the young black girl, Thebedi. The vivid descriptions or Local Color are depictions of culture and landscape within this setting allow the author to depict the atmosphere that shaped the characters moral values of individuals in a particular region. (Clugston, 6. 4) The use of setting, in this case the time and place of the story also illustrates Milhauser’s opinion, â€Å"†¦ if you concentrate your attention on some apparently insignificant portion of the world, you will find, deep within it, nothing less than the world itself. The author also cleverly uses foreshadowing to allude to issues the characters may deal with, â€Å"The trouble was Paalus Eysendeck did not seem to realize Thebdi was now simply one of the crowd of farm children down at the kraal†. (Gordimer, 1975) The overwhelming sense of cultural taboo was evident throughout the story and was recognized by both characters in their need to be secretive in their meetings. The use of foreshadowing and setting strongly supported the themes in the story, allowing Gordimer to bring the reader closer to the heart to the story. Although Nadine Gordimer grew up in South Africa during the enforcement of apartheid and attempted throughout her years of writing to bring attention to the under privileged; she and many other writers did not have the ability or desire to discuss the unfortunate issues that generations of the often over-indulged and morally corrupt class also had to face, â€Å"I will try and carry on as best I can to hold my head up in the district. † (Gordimer, 1975) The characters throughout this story were strong and richly developed. Both Paalus and Thebedi were similarly portrayed as equally developing young people in the illustrations of their interactions with classmates and friends, an example being the gifts they exchanged on holidays and the joy they gained admiration of them. (Gordimer) Ms. Gordimer expertly executed the account of two young people that were lifelong friends and eventually secret lovers and the on pressures that society, class and race can have on those individuals. An incredible sense of despair is exposed in the passages discussing the issues faced by the characters, Thebedi and Paalus, both showed a feeling of loss of control of the situation when he stated, â€Å"I feel like killing myself†; she could not help but feel sadness for a man she likely still loved, â€Å"her eyes began to glow, to thicken with tears†. (Gordimer, 1975) This effort to bring the ominous mood to the reader is astonishingly effective. In the last portion of the story the dialogue of the main characters demonstrates the deliberate change in the characters. Paalus becomes very aware of the potentially catastrophic outcome of his and Thebedi’s indulgences. The shift in characterization was brilliantly executed with the seemingly formidable white man becoming the pariah in the district where his family was well respected. The conflict or struggle within both characters became what to do with the baby who was the product of forbidden love in an unaccepting society. Lastly, the reader is made aware of several shifts that have shift occurred. The first shift being for Paalus and the Eysendeck family by being lowered in status â€Å" left with his mother’s raincoat shielding his face from photographers†. The next obvious shift of the Judge in his statement in court actually raised Njabolu’s status, †by commending the honorable behavior of the husband†¦ and even provided clothes for the unfortunate infant out of his slender means. † (Gordimer, 1975) The final line of the story provides insight on the outcome by bringing to light the fact that the girl â€Å"in her own language stated that â€Å"it was a thing of our childhood and they don’t see each other anymore’’ The symbolic nature of this last line demonstrated the eventual movement forward of the young woman and her embracing her life as it was set in motion by time and society to be. REFERENCES: Clugston, R. W. (2010). Journey into literature. San Diego, CA: Bridgepoint Education, Milhauser, S. (2008). The Ambition of the Short Story. The New York Times. Retrieved from: http://www. nytimes. com/2008/10/05/books/review/Millhauser-t. html How to cite Country Lovers: a Reader’s Response, Essay examples

Research & Decision-Making for Business

Question: Analyse a business situation, formulate a research problem and devise an appropriate research design demonstrate effective communication skills? Answer: 1. Background to the Business Problem/Context for the Research While doing a business, a company faces a lot of problems. The problem that is focused in this study is the improvisation of the technology. The technology should be updated in order to overcome problems of the organization and resolve the problems for the employees of the organization. The communication styles in the business are improvising due to the update of the information technology. The outside business is controlled, developed, and flourished by the telecommunication. Tele work provides an efficient way of communicating within the organization. Under this study, the following factors are included; the importance and benefits of tele work, obstruction and hurdles of tele work, and why the tele work should be adapted by the organization in order to improve the working system. The employees work as full time or part time in an organization, this is followed by the traditional work practices. The employee normally works from morning 9 to evening 5 in the organization. The problems associated with the traditional work practices are recognized and understood by following some measures such as social trends, technology, etc. The communication process has become very fast, easy and less expensive by the introduction of the internet facility in the organization. And the processes of exchanging messages and some important information has become quick in the organizations (Albert, 1980). The organization is forced to adapt the competitive business actions by rationalizing the actions that are currently adapted by the organization and following a profitable business practice. The workforce needs and the alteration in the demand and the legislation manipulate the organization in managing the work with more responsibility. The flexible work regulation act is followed by the organization for making a better work environment (Robertson, 2000). In order to fulfill those demands and needs by developing a modern work culture, some changes should be made to the organization. Presently, as the technology has improved a lot, there are many different types of work practices that are now available for the organization such as contract terms, the mode of working, the working hours, etc. Permanent, casual and temporary terms are included in the contract terms. An employee can work as a part timer, fill timer, flexi timer, etc. Similarly, the working modes comprise of home based wor k, office based work, tele work, etc. The tele work can also be done from home rather than office. The information technology is used in the tele work to connect to the work place. This report will help in examining the traditional work practices going in the organization and its problems that arises, and in order to overcome the problem, some changes, like tele work, is implemented in the organization. 2. Overview and Background to the Proposed Method The organizations should take following steps in order to overcome this problem. First of all the functions of the tele work should be properly known. Tele work means that the employees would be working at any other place that is from anywhere other than the office and away from the managers supervision. The tele work can be done in a place where the basic necessities are outfitted that also includes secured network (Wiggins, nd.). Wireless connectivity is provided in some retail outlets with the help of which the employees continue their work. The technology has been advanced in providing better communication such as video conferencing, and sending of large amount of data quickly through the help of internet, have improvised the tele work and made it easy for the employees to work from home through tele work. Tele work provides benefits that are simultaneously with the completion of work. It also provides benefits to the environment, organization, communities, etc. The traditional w ork practices is replaced by the tele work through computers, telephones, etc. As per the needs and requirements of the employees the tele work makes the arrangements. The part time tele workers are known as the freelancers and includes the designers and the editors. The full time tele workers are known as practical teams who access from different locations in order to solve the business problems such as medical transcriptionist who carry out its work from home. The full time tele workers are provided with training and learning experience so that they give more efficient work to the organization. The tele work provides a good work practiced but besides that it also includes some complications. So, the management should go through the complication of tele work before implementing it in the organization. 3. Sample Requirements Sampling Options A questionnaire should be developed by the organization in order to know the advantages of the tele work, how its working in the organization, and its effect on the employees, etc. The questionnaire should be relevant which would have questions that would be of academic and intellectual interest to people. The questions that are to be asked should be manageable. The questions should be substantial and providing original dimensions (Patten, 2001). The questionnaire should be consistent with the requirements of the assessment. The entire question should be clear and simple so that it could be easily answered by the employees. The questions should maintain the interest of the management. The research questionnaire includes: - Is tele working a substitute to the traditional work practice? If yes? Why it is regarded as so? How the telecommunication should be carried? What are the requirements for carrying out the tele work? What are the benefits of tele working over the traditional work practice? How tele work cooperates with the modern work culture? 4. Data Collection Details A detailed information of the system is required which is known as the secondary data. The primary data and information on the business report of the tele communication are already collected. The different information regarding the tele works that are collected by various ways such as face-to-face interview, observations, analysis, survey, and experiments (Wilmot Stopher, 2002). Through this, it is clear that there are different challenges associated with the tele work such as social isolation, information and maintenance of file security. It should also be checked if there is any deficiency in the group discussion programs and group simulation. This affects the productivity and growth of the organization. This should be overcome in order to increase the productivity of the organization. The workers face the problem of control due to the monitoring of work from home. The good work that is provided by the workers to the management are often not recognized and considered by the manage ment. The goal is sometimes not clearly conveyed by the tele work and also often in tele work the practical work is not avoided from physical attendance. Besides these challenges and hurdles, it also gives more benefits to the workers such as good lifestyle, improved working environment, and work satisfaction, cast reduction in food, clothing and transportation. The tele work also helps the employees with disability in working by providing ease to them while working. Another benefit of the tele work is that the employees of tele work are also effective and productive in other work environments. Through the tele work many expenses ore also reduced because employees do the work from their home. The expenses such as office rent, electricity and other overhead cost, etc. are reduced. More recruitment options are offered due to larger and talented pool of labor. It also provides extra time for work without any disturbances because this is carried out from home itself. 5. Ethical Issues More different types of effective business modes are available due to the advancement of the technology. Similarly, the advanced technology also provides different types of business communication systems that is applicable for the practice of modern technology (Patten, 2001). The tele work system provides an effective and proficient system of communication which also flourishes the outside business. There are also ethical issues regarding the tele working system. The issues that are associated with the tele working system are: - Is the work done by the home based worker, productive? How to measure the work time of the home based worker? How a company determines that the worker works 30 hours a week? Should the inspection of the home officers be done by the employers? Besides these issues, the telework provides more advantages to its workers. The tele work provides more flexibility to its employees as they can do their work from home so they can manage their work life and personal life, better. This modern system of technology provides flexibility in the work that fulfills the requirements of each individual. The communication skills needs to be good in this system as every work in this system is done by tele communication and there is lack of face to face conversions (Zuboff, 1988). This system helps in the reduction of expenses as discussed above and due to this, the profits and the earnings is increased. It is a cost effective way of doing business and provides a competitive advantage in the recruitment and getting the best talent for the organization. This helps in increasing the margin of the profit of the business. The ethical problems can be avoided as through the telecommunication, it would contribute more towards the success of the organization by increasing the performance of the employees. This tele work system has earned name and fame regarding a progressive work option. A better life is provided to the workers which helps in improving the work performance of th e employees. So, tele work should be preferred by the organizations. 6. References Albert, K. (1980). Handbook of business problem solving. New York: McGraw-Hill. Donaldson, T., Werhane, P. (1979). Ethical issues in business. Englewood Cliffs, N.J.: Prentice-Hall. Patten, M. (2001). Questionnaire research. Los Angeles, CA: Pyrczak Pub. Robertson, S. (2000). A class act. New York: Falmer Press. Wiggins, J. Facilities managers desk reference. Wilmot, C., Stopher, P. (2002). Cost-effective data collection in Louisiana. Baton Rouge, La.: Louisiana Transportation Research Center. Zuboff, S. (1988). In the age of the smart machine. New York: Basic Books.