The Parmenidean Paradox Of Motion Essay -- essays research papers

Philosophical thought begins with the Milesians, where quick curiosity propelled thinkers like Anaximander and Heraclitus to attempt to explain the phenomena of the universe by meaning of specific visible elements. During the 6th century BC, Eleatics, like Parmenides and Zeno, had rejected physical phenomena and propounded metaphysical paradoxes that cut at the roots of belief in the very existence of the natural world. Parmenides uproots the theories of his predecessors by bearing to hoy the logical possibilities of some(prenominal) philosophical inquiry. He argues that that the only things near which we can inquire rough must exist, else our search is fruitless. Through deductive reasoning, Parmenides proves that if something exists, accordingly it can non come to be or perish, change or move, nor be the present to any imperfection. His proteges were leftfield with an enormous problem how could one reconcile Parmenides rejection of change with the possibility of fully grown a rational account of the changing world of sense visualise? By accepting only certain parts of his doctrine of being, his successors in the long run fail in their attempts to explain the changing universe in light of the Parmenidean paradox.How does Parmenides draw the conclusion that if something is, then it is unchanging? A more imposing examination of his arguments regarding cognitive contents of inquiry shows how he comes to the conclusion that all is one. The only ways of inquiry there are for thinking the one, that it is and that it is not possible for it not to be, is the path of Persuasion (for it attends upon the Truth), the other, that it is not and that it is necessary for it not to be, this I auspicate out to you to be a path completely unlearnable, for neither may you know that which is not (for it is not to be accomplished) nor may you declare it (Curd fr.2 ll.3-8, pg.45).Parmenides subject of inquiry, as show in the fragment, either you must assume that your subject is or it is not. Careful consideration of the statement is not shows that it is impossible to calculate out what does not exist, because it has no attributes or true predicate. Parmenides concludes that if something does not exist, then its non-existence cannot allow for it to come into being or perishing, because if it comes to be, then formally, it previously did not exist. Since we cannot know anything about things that do not exist, coming... ...rmenidean doctrine that substances are uncreated and unadulterated however, by positing that there are four creative and two haughty substances, he dubiously maintains that combining and separation, through their endless cycles bring about a whole. If Empedocles were to follow the Parmenidean notion of being absolutely, then his separation and combination would never take place, because each element would be continuously attracted and negated, so that no combination could ever take place.     The Plur alists want to reconcile everything that they perceive through their senses with the Parmenidean idea of an uncreated, eternal, unchanging whole. The problem of such a problem lies in the fact that Parmenides notion of being goes against everything that our sense experience tells us. With our eye we see motion and change every day, be it our own self-motion or that of others around us. Furthermore, we experience coming-into-being and perishing through the cycle of birth and death. The Pluralists would had made snap off progress in extrapolating their own ideas if they would have either sided completely with Parmenides or taken means to discredit his work.

Dr. King

In 1963, after a protest in Birmingham c anying help to the need for equal seriouss for African Americans, the Reverend Dr. Martin Luther force Jr. wrote an cave in letter to the coalition of Christian ministers in the American South. Dr. pouf appoint himself the subject of extreme criticism from his fellow clergymen for his protest, specifically the illegality of the protest. In his essay, Dr. world-beater attempts to court to the ethical, emotional and logical sides of coun elbow greasemen to show them that the virtues that he was rift were deductial and un unsloped in and of themselves. This paper will critically examine the appeals that Dr. King make and the stiffness of those appeals.Dr. King begins his statement in favor of his actions with an appeal to the ethical considerations of his audience. Since I feel that you atomic number 18 men of genuine well will and that your criticisms are sincerely set forth, I want to try to answer your statement in what I hope will be patient and reasonable terms, (King 1963). He begins by telling his audience that he respects their motives and hopes that they will respect his.This is an important part of the ethical debate in that King wants without delay to establish that this was not a reckless action and that he is not defending himself lightly. Next, he seeks to establish his testify credentials and his right to be in Birmingham. King mentions that peck in Birmingham endure complained of his coming in as an outsider and he immediately wants to clarify that he was invited in.I have the honor of serving as president of the Southern Christian Leadership Conference, an organization operating in every southern state, with headquarters in Atlanta, Georgia. We have some lxxx five classifyd organizations across the South, and one of them is the Alabama Christian social movement for Human Rights. Frequently we share staff, educational and financial resources with our affiliates.Several months ago the affiliate here in Birmingham asked us to be on call to operate on in a nonviolent direct action program if such were deemed necessary. We readily consented, and when the hour came we lived up to our promise. So I, along with several members of my staff, am here beca ingestion I was invited here. I am here because I have organizational ties here (King 1963)By first establishing that his organization has ties in Birmingham and that he was invited, King dismisses the idea that he is just an outside rebel rouser. After establishing his right to be there, king establishes the authority under which his ethical decisions will be made. Just as the prophets of the eighth century B.C. left wing their villages and carried their thus saith the noble far beyond the boundaries of their home t causes, and just as the Apostle Paul left his village of Tarsus and carried the gospel of Jesus Christ to the far corners of the Greco Roman world, so am I compel conduct to carry the gospel of freedom beyond my own home town, (King 1963). King calls to mind the ethical standard by which he wants to be judged the Bible and his faith. Finally, King argues why his action is ethically justified.Moreover, I am cognizant of the interrelatedness of all communities and states. I cannot sit idly by in Atlanta and not be concerned rough what happens in Birmingham. Injustice anywhere is a threat to justice everywhere, (King 1963). With this argument he points out the ethical concern that most directly led to the Birmingham protest, injustice.King besides appeals to the emotions of his audience. Then, last September, came the opportunity to talk with leaders of Birminghams economic community. In the course of the negotiations, certain promises were made by the merchantsfor example, to remove the stores humiliating racial signs. (King 1963). He begins by gently reminding them of the racial humiliation that was an integral part of the South at the time. Next, he moves onto the violence that the average African American in the South had witness or heard. And finally, he moves on to the emotional appeal of children, before turning the emotionally-charged words modify with hatred and known to all Southern Negroes.But when you have seen vicious mobs lynch your get downs and fathers at will and drown your sisters and brothers at whim when you have seen hate filled policemen curse, kick and even kill your pitch blackness brothers and sisterswhen you suddenly find your idiom twisted and your speech stammering as you seek to explain to your six socio-economic class sexagenarian daughter why she cant go to the public amusement cat valium that has just been advertised on television, and see tears welling up in her eyes when she is told that Funtown is closed to colored children, and see ominous clouds of inferiority root system to form in her little mental sky, and see her beginning to interlace her personality by developing an unconscious bitterness toward white peop le when you have to concoct an answer for a five year old son who is asking Daddy, why do white people overlay colored people so mean? when your first name becomes nigger, your center name becomes boy (however old you are) and your last name becomes John, and your wife and mother are never given the respected title Mrs. (King 1963)Throughout the essay, king also appeals to the logic of his audience. First, he points out that Southern blacks had attempted to sue the system, plainly that the system excluded them from it and therefore they could not change the system from within. Then, King begins to use statistics to back up his arguments, beginning first with the turn lack of black voters in the South. An unjust law is a code that a numerical or power majority pigeonholing compels a minority group to obey but does not make binding on itself. This is difference made legal. By the same token, a just law is a code that a majority compels a minority to follow and that it is volun tary to follow itself. This is sameness made legal. Let me give another explanation.A law is unjust if it is inflicted on a minority that, as a dissolving agent of being denied the right to vote, had no part in enacting or fashioning the law. Who can say that the legislature of Alabama which set up that states separationism laws was democratically elected? Throughout Alabama all sorts of devious methods are used to prevent Negroes from becoming registered voters, and there are some counties in which, even though Negroes constitute a majority of the population, not a single Negro is registered. (King 1963). King also argues that unjust laws or just laws which are unjustly enforced must be changed and that people should hire whatever action is reasonable to change them. By providing specific examples, he makes it hard for any logical person to disagree.Though Kings I have a dream speech is more famous than his earn From a Birmingham Jail, it is in this essay that he sets the tone for the stallion civil rights movement. In his use of emotional appeal, he moves beyond sheer anger to the disappointment and pain caused by segregation. His logical arguments are made soundly so that opponents cannot argue that he is simply hot-headed or breaking the law for the sake of personal gain. However, perhaps the most important and effective of his arguments come in his ethical arguments. When King illustrates gently, but with great strength, the unethical behavior that has led to the crisis in the South, he is non-accusatory and simply states how things ought to be. This above all else is what marks the greatness of this essay.

Phillip Larkin Essay

The statement Larkin is a poet of white-haired moods, suburban sadness and original dec. Is accurate and appropriate when looking at and reading his poetry. This is displayed through his sundry(a) poems, including the ones Im going to talk about Aubade and The Whitsun Weddings. Both of which limn every(prenominal) trine themes.The poem Aubade as a whole jibes these three themes through the constant use of truncation in poem at the end of every stanza. The poem itself also represents the themes as Aubade is about plaint the livelihood we have in preparation for cobblers last, which in its irony comes on a lower floor the first theme of grey moods.More specific ally to the theme of grey moods indoors Aubade is through the adduce, I work all day, and get half(a) drunk at night. /Waking at four to soundless dark. I stare As this is in the opening stanza it sets the tone of the poem and portrays Larkins particular mindset. The monosyllabic language stresss his reluctance in engaging in daily tone as well as his depression. Soundless dark, be an allusion to expiration it portrays to the reader a certain learning ability Larkin has on life due to these moods.The next quote to represent grey moods shows a mulish outlook Larkin has on life and thoughts. Making all thought unfeasible but how / and where and when I shall myself die. This quote from the poem is truncated to emphasise the inevitability of death itself. This quote yet again shows the outlook he has on life and the particular mindset Larkin is in which is largely influences his moods.Suburban melancholy is another theme represented passim various poems written by Larkin, including Aubade. Throughout this poem despondent outlooks on life is shown for example in this quote, meanwhile telephones crouch, getting ready to ring / in locked up offices. The incarnation effectively represents his distaste for life, working and daily duties again reiterating that the poem is about mourning life in preparation for death. The line in the quote saying, getting ready to ring can be interpreted as a symbol or a metaphorical representation of death calling.Another example displaying the theme of suburban melancholy is the quote, all the lumpen / intricate rented world begins to rouse. By saying intricate world sum complicated it shows his outlook again on the daily life of gild and human beings, possibly because they dont share the same line of work for death as he does. The words uncaring and unrented world bring together to extinction and further links back to the theme of grey moods as well as accepted regrets as his attitude towards life is we are all going to die anyway so in a way what is the point.The theme of accepted regrets is evident throughout this poem and is shown in the quote, Being brave / lets no one off the grave This rhyme and truncation emphasises Larkins outlook and acceptance in spite of appearance life and death. In this quote he accepts and under al lows that death is inevitable and Larkin acknowledges that it does not matter who he is or the decisions he has make in life it willing not miscellanea anything. demolition will still come.The poem The Whitsun Weddings by Larkin as a whole represents all three themes through the structural use of truncation within stanzas to represent lines that are in a candid tone and also enjambement in Larkins descriptions of buildings and such as he admires buildings because they can stand forever and he fears death.The theme of grey moods is present within this poem in the following quote, did my three-quarters-empty train pull out The use of rhythm allows this line to flow in to the next line to further emphasise his tone and attitude. This quote also shows a metaphorical emptiness within Larkin as during this poem the time and place and setting have a relevance and meaning and he does not.Suburban melancholy is portrayed throughout these quotes, Of blinding windscreens, smelt the fish c hase. The visual imagery at the ancestor of this quote and then the olfactory imagery of the smell of the fish dock show sadness in his opinion and description of the landscape and his surroundings and how unappealing his society and life may be.Then in the quote, Its postal districts packed like squares of wheat The simile emphasises the closeness and urban receive of the society again adding to the unappealing and dull nature and tone he sees in his surroundings.The final theme of accepted regrets is present within The Whitsun Weddings in these quotes, ready to be loosed with all the power / that being change can give. This objective language shows Larkins experience on this journey and that events like this can change someones outlook on life but it hasnt changed him and he accepts his decision for partaking in the journey.And as the tightened brakes took hold, there swelled / a signified of falling. This quote contains an scenery of visual imagery but shows a sense of falli ng to death. Death is inevitable and he believes that there is no hope, which he accepts and understands with the link to the sense of falling.Phillip Larkin is a poet is a poet of grey moods, suburban melancholy and accepted regrets and this as I have stated is unmistakable throughout all aspects of his poetry.

Consumer Society Essay

Write an essay that outlines the view that a consumer participation is a allotd society. In response to this statement, there asks to be musing as to whether or non a consumer society, equal the wizard we sleep with in in the UK, is a divided unity or non and if so wherefore where these sections ar displayed. Therefore throughout this essay, Im going to explore some potential divides within society, specifically look at division amidst the rich and poor, up to(p)-bodied and less able, and in conclusion the division created between those who have power to influence where we lead astray and those that do not have as much power, drawing on the type stigmatizeters case of supermarkets vs. small shop keepers on the high street influencing the consumer public. I allow for be using ideas from social scientists such as Bauman and Susman to further garnish my points. As I examine evidence on potential divisions I hope to conclude that the consumer society, in which we populate in, is more than(prenominal)over a divided oneness.Good, well done a cracking introduction here Gwen. This is alone fine. Firstly, it could be deald that a division john be seen in a consumer society between the rich and poor. Because we live in a society where you argon judged by what you consume, if you do not have much funds to consume in the first base place then its lightsome to see how someone who is poor may relish lesser or on the outskirts. What we argon in to and therefore what we consume not only when gives us our identity and personality in the contemporary UK (Susman, cited in Hetherington, 2009, p 42), plainly excessively gives us our value within society. Kevin Hetherington in chapter one of the material lives strand, channelizes us a graph that displays what the average weekly sept expenditure on main commodities and services in 2007 (Hetherington, 2009, p 24).*1* Transport is seen to be the top weekly expense, as its an essential. nation ca pacity need to travel to work in order to exculpate gold for a consumer lifestyle however the second highest expenditure was, surprisingly, pastime and culture. This category was higher than food and non-alcoholic drink. Hetherington describes this piece of evidence as famed presumably because it spotlights how our society has become a consumeristic. We spend more money on things we atomic number 18 in to than groceries in a week. If you are poorer than the average person in the UK, then it would be very difficult to adapted into a society that revolves around consuming when you fuelnot. *2* Zygmunt Bauman depicts this division between poor and rich in his concept of the seduced and the repressed (Bauman, cited in Hetherington, 2009, p25+26). harmonize to him, quite a little that live in contemporary western society bay window be roughly put into two categories.The seduced being those who are able to consume efficaciously they are employed, or young and good looking for or have a particular skill that is valued financially within society. The repressed force be those that are old without a good pension, or the homeless. These commonwealth are repressed as they, more often than not, do not have the means to consume efficaciously and are therefore valued less in society. This causes a division as they are alikely to not feel accepted by the majority who are able to consume. *1* Good content exactly try to be briefer, no need at all to quote to the module Hetherington displays a graph showing average household expenditure in 2007 (Hetherington, 2009, p 24).* *2* Here is where you could helpfully split this paragraph, the first section could have your main point emphasised again and then this would make a good paragraph on its aver.People with disabilities might as well be seen to apparel into the repressed category Bauman speaks of, as they are not always able to go shop for themselves and a helping of their money arguably goes on facilitati ng a life in which it is thorny to get around. Furthermore, people who are mentally disabled might not have the capacity to know what sorts of things to consume in order for them to fit in with the latest fashion or with the people theyd like to be friends with. Additionally, people that are physically disabled might not only feel excluded by not having the means to consume effectively and therefore fit in with differents, but may excessively be physically excluded as most shopping malls or places of social act do not cater for someone who is physically impaired. Most shopping malls in particular have escalators, or stairs, or walkways without railings which means those who are disabled are not able to go into these places.This creates a divide between those who are able and those who are less able and can be seen to convey, whether its fair or not, that in society, there are winners and losers, people who lose out and people who are winning in the capitalistic race. Excellent c ontent, I appreciate this is your own approach but it is relevant. However, if you find a suitable brief quote from the course it would be better evidenced, you can always do this appropriately but paragraphs without references salutary show you are not using course material and can your marks down. This depiction of winners and losers within society is further seen in the emphasis between supermarkets and small shop keepers on the high street, which can also be described as those that have the power to influence where we shop and those that do not have as much power. This tension is apparently seen in the local market statistics and the falling number of independently have shops, as well as factory surveys and local case studies that highlight poverty and hardship (Allen, 2009, p93).Farmers markets and independently owned shops on the high street were once the most popular places to shop and were seen by some to contribute to the feeling of community in towns and small cities . *2* However in contemporary consumer society the majority of people are shopping a lot more at big supermarkets and cosmic string stores, resulting in smaller shop keepers going out of business. Consumers may argue here that in supermarkets theres a lot on offer and for a cheap price. Furthermore, supermarkets sell a huge prevail of different products, ranging from food to furniture to DVDs (Evidence in the social sciences, 2009, chase after 1). People these days want all the trappings that come with a consumer lifestyle, and at supermarkets they can get these things for cheaper prices compared with independently owned stores, which appeals to the masses. *3* It is unambiguous to see how independent store owners and market stall owners may feel some animosity towards supermarkets, causing a power-play division.Excellent content and referencing from non-homogeneous sources, well done *3* You have too much of your own opinion in the next to last sentence here, also you need to mention Dennis Wrongs theory of zero-sum and positive sum games ( Allen, 2009, p. 70). On the other hand however, supermarkets may argue that their shops contribute to regeneration on the high street as people who might not live in the area are force to it because of these mega stores and therefore more people are drawn to high street shops. Furthermore, national market statistics could also be seen as favourable to supermarkets. *4* People are drawn into buying more through these big chain stores therefore the scrimping is not going downhill. Although, the question arises to what expense? *5* Supermarket owners say that the developing of people working in sweatshops still benefits the workers, as factory visits and local wage level comparisons suggest improved living standards (Allen, 2009, p93).However one might argue that this is true yet the workers are not in a position to protest as, if they do, the supermarkets will always find other people who are desperate to earn money, in that same earth or another, who will work for them. *2* This might create a divide in consumer society between those who want to carry on consuming without worrying whos expense it might be at or if the environment is suffering because of it, and those who care about the exploitation of people from third world countries and how the exportation of goods from countries that are far away increases our carbon paper footprint. *4* We may be a consumer society, but more and more people are becoming aware and active in world-wide issues like poverty and global warming. This creates a divide between those that are environmentally aware and retailers/ shop owners that have workers in third world countries and are exploiting them. Again, excellent content*4* needs referencing more, quantitative evidence can be shown by the inclusion of a few relevant figures with a reference rather than a word discussion *5* do not include extra questions here, just answer the one set In conclusion, it plausible to say our society is seen to be divided in many different ways. The points I have explored, not only show the many divisions that come up in a consumer society, but also propose the question is a consumer society a sustainable one? Furthermore, is all that we consume globally sustainable? It is possible that our rate of outgo will one day come to a halt. Additionally, one might argue that the many divisions that are created not just between the public public but between shop-owners show that there are cracks get to form in our society.

Bad debt

Bad debt is a serious financial difficulty affecting the United States. When sight do non pass on their debts, the economy suffers because the banks, credit card companies, doctors, utility companies, and other carees lose money. The same applies to when businesses flunk to pay their financial obligations to other businesses. However, individualal rubber debt and corporate bad debt is viewed differently by the government (failure FAQ for small business. ) Corporate bad debt is easier to lodge unsuccessful person upon than when a private person loses money.This seems to be simply because allowing corporations to do business honestly without threat of losing their personal financial security is an fundamental ideal to keep the economy going. A company getting loose of their bad debt through bankruptcy all but destroys their ability to handicap in business. Personal bad debt, however, is treated stricter because there are by appearance more controllable factors. People are expected to fly the coop their families and stay in a home without using credit and to not borrow more than they can afford.In addition, the companies and government likely fear that if people who dont pay their bills can repeatedly file bankruptcy and keep everything they bought, there leave behind be no incentive for them to do the right thing and live within their means. Those who honestly cannot pay their bills will not go to jail, but in the case of a business will likely lose their company and in a persons case lose any homes or other place owned (Bankruptcy Courts. ) Otherwise, the economy would be in even worse execute if people and businesses could just run up bills, decide not to pay them, and not have any additional financial consequences.The governments position seems to remain that businesses have a better right and take up for credit to help the economy than individual households, and this is unlikely to change anytime soon. References Bankruptcy Basics. (2006). Retrieved March 25, 2009 from U. S. Courts http//www. uscourts. gov/bankruptcycourts. html. Bankruptcy FAQ for small business. (2009). Retrieved March 25, 2009 from Bankruptcy in apprize http//www. moranlaw. net/business-bankruptcy-faqs. htm.

Marketing Project on Nokia Essay

establishmentNokia is a world leader in wandering phone industry, precisely its market share has recently been diminished by tough competition in the smart phone market. It targeted rural markets with nomadic phones that are affordable and, the supple phones were not only for the communication but alike for varied purposes like torch light, radio etc. Farmers white plague it during nights as a torch light. Nokia was able to fully penetrate and curb the still untapped rural alert phone market. Nokia plans to conquer the untapped rural market by providing additional services like randomness on agriculture, microfinance, weather reports.BackgroundIn 1865, an engineer named Fredrik Idestam established a wood-pulp mill and started manufacturing paper in southern Finland near the banks of a river. Those were the long time when there was a strong demand for paper in the industry, the bon tons sales achieved its high-stakes and Nokia grew faster and faster. The Nokia exported pape r to Russia first and then to the united Kingdom and France. The Nokia factory employed a fairly large manpower and a small community grew around it. In southern Finland a community called Nokia still exists on the riverbank of Emkoski. Finnish sorry Works, a manufacturer a Rubber goods, impressed with the hydro-electrcity produced by the Nokia wood-pulp (from river Emkoski), merged up and started bewraying goods under the brand name on Nokia.After World War II, it acquired a major part of the Finnish melodic phrase Worksshares. The Finnish Cable Works had gr make quickly imputable to the increasing need for power transmission and telegraph and telephone cyberspaces in the World War II. Gradually the ownership of the Rubber Works and the Cable Works companies consolidated. In 1967, all the 3 companies merged-up to form the Nokia Group. The Electronics Department generated 3 % of the Groups net sales and provided work for 460 people in 1967, when the Nokia Group was formed.In t he beginning of 1970, the telephone exchanges consisted of electro- machinelike analog switches. Soon Nokia successfully developed the digital switch (Nokia DX 200) thereby replacing the prior electro mechanical analog switch. The Nokia DX 200 was embedded with high-level computer language as well as Intel microprocessors which in turn allowed computer-controlled telephone exchanges to be on the top and which is till date the basis for Nokias netwok in infrastuctureIntroduction of liquid network began enabling the Nokia production to invent the Nordic unstable Telephony(NMT), the worlds very first multinational cellular network in 1981. The NMT was later on introduced in otherwisewise countries. Very short Global System for Mobile Communication (GSM), a digital vigorous telephony, was launched and Nokia started the development of GSM phones.Beginning of the 1990 brought about an economic street corner in Finland. (Rumour has it that Nokia was offered to the Swedish telecom c ompany Ericsson during this time which was refused) Due to this Nokia increased its sale of GSM phones that was enormous. This was the chief(prenominal) reason for Nokia to not only be one of the largest but overly the most important companies in Finland. As per the sources, in August 1997, Nokia supplied GSM systems to 59 operators in 31countries.Slowly and steadily, Nokia became a large television manufacturer and also the largest information technology company in the Nordic countries. During the economic recession the Nokia was committed to telecommunications. The 2100 series of the production was so successful that inspite of its goal to sell 500,000 units, it marvellously sold 20 one million million. Presently, Nokia is the number 1 production in digital technologies, it invests 8.5% of net sales in research and development. Also has its annual Nokia Game. Between 1992 and 1996, the company exited from the rubber and cable businesses as wellNokia in indiaNokia entered the I ndian market in 1994. The first ever GSM call in India was made on a Nokia 2110 wide awake phone on its own network in 1995. When Nokia entered India, the telecom policies were not conducive to the growth of the mobile phone industry.The tariffs levied on importing mobile phones were as high as 27%, usage charges were at Rs.16 per minute and, at these high rates, consumers did not take to mobile phones. Nokia also had to face tough competition from other powerful global players like Motorola, Sony, Siemens and Ericsson, Samsung, reliance. -The Indian Mobile Phones IndustryThe mobile phones industry made a slow start in India in 1995. Several private players who had entered the industry in 1995 exited in the next some years due to the unfriendly telecom policies of the Indian government, high licensing payments and absence seizure of a proper telecom regulatory body. The growth in the reader base of mobile phones remained sluggish initially, reaching the 1 million milepost in 19 98. In 1999, the Government of India announced a new telecom policy. This policy planned to provide telephones on demand by 2002. Among other things, the policy allowed unrestricted private entry into almost all mobile service sectors.The government allowed cellular mobile service providers to share foot with other operators. It also allowed existing operators to migrate from fixed license fee to one-time entry fee with revenue sharing. This policy helped many private operators to put out even faster. By 2001, the demand for mobile services was growing well. The private companies concentrated on providing basic telephone services to consumers. The number of mobile phones crossed five million by 2001 and doubled to 10 million in 2002

The Lost Duke of Wyndham Chapter Fourteen

After five-spot years at Belgrave, dramatise had become, if non habituated, whence at least(prenominal) aware of just what could be accomplished with a bit of prestige and a great deal of m unrivalledy. Nonetheless, fifty-fifty she was amazed at how apace their travel plans fell into place. Within three days a nonpublic yacht had been reserved to ferry them from Liverpool to Dublin and accordingly wait at the dock for as long as necessary, apparently until they were draw to occur to England. bingle of doubting doubting doubting doubting doubting Thomass secretaries had been dispatched to Ireland to arrange for their stay. benediction had matt-up nonhing just for sanctifyness for the poor man as he was forced to listen to and thence repeat, twice the dowagers copious and highly detailed instructions. She herself was hired to the dowagers ways, shut up the secretary, accustomed to dealing with a out-of-the-way(prenominal) more(prenominal) precedentable emplo yer, looked nearly ready to cry.Only the best of inns would do for such a traveling party, and of physique they would impart the fairst fixed of modes in each establish handst.If the rooms were already reserved, the innkeepers would lose to make arrangements to place the some other travelers elsewhere. The dowager told grace that she liked to publicise someone ahead in carapaces like these. It was only polite to conk out the innkeepers a bit of nonice so they could find alternate accommodations for their other guests. thanksgiving ideal it would have been more polite non to give the boot to people whose only crime was to reserve a room prior to the dowager, but all she could do was offer the poor secretary a sympathetic smile. The dowager wasnt going to change her ways, and besides, shed already launched into her next set of instructions, which pertained to cleanliness, food, and the preferred dimensions of hand towels. leniency spent her days raffish round the castl e, preparing for the voyage and passing along grand messages, since the other three inhabitants conmed primed(p) to avoid one another.The dowager was as surly and rude as ever, but straight there was an underlying layer of giddiness that Grace raise disc at a metrerting. The dowager was excited about the upcoming journey. It was luxuriant to leave even out the about experienced of companions uneasy the dowager was never excited about anything.Pleased, yes convenient, often (although un satisfied was a far more frequent emotion). entirely excited? Grace had never witnessed it.It was odd, because the dowager did not see to itm to like Mr. Audley real well, and it was clear that she regard him not at all. And as for Mr. Audley he returned the senmagazinent in spades. He was overmuch like Thomas in that regard. It seemed to Grace that the two men might have been fast friends had they not met under such combative circumstances.But while Thomass dealings with the dowager were frank and direct, Mr. Audley was much more sly.He was eternally provoking the dowager when in her company, always ready with a explanation so subtle that Grace could only be sure of his intend when she caught his secret smile.There was always a secret smile. And it was always for her. fifty-fifty now, just echo ofing about it, she found herself hugging her arms to her clay, as if holding it tightly against her boob. When he smiled at her, she felt it as if it were more than something to be seen. It landed upon her like a kiss, and her body responded in manakin a little flip in her stomach, pink heat on her cheeks. She maintained her composure, because that was what shed been trained to do, and she even managed her own sort of reply the tiniest of curves at the corners of her mouth, maybe a change in the way she held her gaze. She knew he sawing machine it, too. He saw everything. He liked to play at creation obtuse, but he had the keenest eye for observation she h ad ever lastn.And all done and through this, the dowager touch forward, single-minded in her determination to wrest the title from Thomas and give it to Mr. Audley. When the dowager spoke of their upcoming journey, it was never if they found proof, it was when they found it. already she had begun to plan how best to announce the change to the rest of purchase order.Grace had observe that she was not particularly discreet about it, either. What was it the dowager had said just the other day right in front of Thomas? Something about having to redraw without end contracts to reflect the proper ducal name. She had even turned to him and asked if he thought that anything hed signed while duke was legally binding.Grace had thought Thomas a master of restraint for not throttling her on the spot. Indeed, all he said was,It will hardly be my problem should that come to pass. And then, with a mocking bow in the dowagers direction, he left wing the room.Grace was not sure why she was s o surprised that the dowager did not censor herself in front of Thomas it wasnt as if shed shown a care for anyone elses signatures beforehand. But surely this qualified as extraordinary circumstances. Surely even Augusta Cavendish could see where it might be hurtful to stand in front of Thomas and talk about how she planned to go about his public humiliation.And as for Thomas he was not himself. He was drinking too much, and when he wasnt pie-eyedted in his study, he stalked about the house like a moody lion. Grace tried to avoid him, partly because he was in such poor temper, but mostly because she felt so inculpatory about everything, so unconscionably disloyal for liking Mr. Audley so well.Which left him. Mr. Audley. Shed been using up too much time with him. She knew it but could not seem to do herself. And it really wasnt her fault. The dowager kept sending her on errands that put her in his sphere.Liverpool or Holyhead which port made better sense for their departure ? Surely raps infliction (the dowager still refused to call him Mr. Audley, and he would not respond to anything Cavendish) would know.What might they expect from the weather? Find Jack and ask his opinion.Could one obtain a decent pot of tea in Ireland? What about erst theyd left the environs of Dublin? And then, after Grace had reported top with Yes and for Gods rice beer (amended to remove the blasphemy), she was sent on her way again to determine if he even knew how to judge a teas quality.It was almost embarrassing to ask him this. It should have been, but by that point they were bursting out laughing just at the sight of each other. It was like that all the time now. He would smile. And then she would smile. And she was reminded just how much better she liked herself when she had reason to smile. full now the dowager had ordered her to find him for a full accounting of their proposed route through Ireland, which Grace found odd, since she would have thought the dowager had worked that out by then.But she was not about to complain, not when the task both removed her from the dowagers charge and placed her in Mr. Audleys. Jack, she whispered to herself. He was Jack. His name suited him perfectly, dashing and carefree.John was far too staid, and Mr. Audley too formal. She wanted him to be Jack, even though she had not allowed herself to say it aloud to him, not since their kiss.He had beleaguer her about it he always teased her about it. Hed prodded and cajoled and told her she must use his given name or he would not respond, but she remained steadfast. Because once she did, she was afraid she could never go back. And she was already so perilously close to losing her heart forever.It could happen. It would happen if she let it. She had only to let go. She could close her look and imagine a futurewith him, and children, and so much laughter.But not here. Not at Belgrave, with him as the duke.She wanted Sillsby back. Not the house, since that could nev er be, but the feeling of it. The comfortable warmth, the kitchen garden that her mother had never been too important to attend. She wanted the evenings in the sitting room the sitting room, she reminded herself, the only one. postal code that had to be described with a color or a framework or a location within the building. She wanted to read by the fire with her husband, pointing out bits that amused her, and laughing when he did the same.That was what she wanted, and when she had the courage to be honest with herself, she knew that she wanted it with him.But she wasnt often honest with herself. What was the point? He didnt know who he was how could she know what to dream?She was protecting herself, holding her heart in armor until she had an answer. Because if he was the Duke of Wyndham, then she was a fool.As fine a house as Belgrave was, Jack much preferred to glide by time out of doors, and now that his mount had been transferred to the Wyndham stables (where his horse was certainly wallowing in joy over the endless carrots and warm accommodations), he had taken up the habit of a vex each morning.Not that this was so very far from his prior routine Jack usually found himself on horseback by late morning. The difference was that before hed been going somewhere, or, on occasion, fleeing from somewhere. Now he was out and about for sport, for constitutional exercise. Strange, the life of a gentleman. Physical exertion was achieved through organized behavior, and not, as the rest of society got it, through an honest days work.Or a dishonest one, as the case often was.He was returning to the house it was difficult to call it a castle, even though thats what it was it always made him want to roll his look on his fourth day at Belgrave, feeling invigorated by the soft bite of the wind over the fields.As he walked up the steps to the main door, he caught himself peering this way and that, hoping for a glimpse of Grace even though it was highly unlikely sh ed be out of doors. He was always hoping for a glimpse of Grace, no matter where he was. practiced the sight of her made something tickle and fizz within his chest. Half the time she did not even see him, which he did not mind. He kinda enjoyed watching her go about her duties. But if he discernd long exuberant and he always did there was never any good reason to place his eyes anywhere else she always sensed him. Eventually, even if he was at an odd angle, or obscured in shadows, she felt his presence, and shed turn.He always tried to play the seducer then, to gaze at her with smoldering intensity, to see if shed melt in a pool of whimpering desire.But he never did. Because all he could do, whenever she looked back at him, was smile like a lovesick fool. He would have been disgusted with himself, except that she always smiled in return, which never failed to turn the tickle and fizz into something even more spumy and carefree.He pushed open the door to Belgraves front hall, pausing for a moment once he was inside. It took a few seconds to adjust to the abrupt lack of wind, and indeed, his body gave an unprompted little shake, as if to push away the chill. This also gave him time to glance about the hall, and indeed, he was rewarded for his diligence.Miss Eversleigh he called out, since she was at the far end of the long space, presumably off on another one of the dowagers ridiculous errands.Mr. Audley, she said, smiling as she walked toward him.He shrugged off his coat (presumably purloined from the ducal closet) and handed it to a footman, marveling, as always, at how the servants seemed to materialize from nowhere, always at the exact moment they were needed.Someone had trained them well. He was close enough to his military days to appreciate this.Grace reached his side before he had even pulled off his gloves. Have you been out for a ride? she asked.Indeed. Its a perfect day for it.Even with all the wind?Its best with wind.I trust you were reunited with your horse?Indeed. Lucy and I make a fine team.You ride a mare?A gelding.She blinked with curiosity, but not, strangely, surprise. You named your gelding Lucy?He gave his shrug a bit of dramatic flair. It is one of those stories that loses something in the retelling.In truth, it touch drink, three separate wagers, and a propensity for the contrary that he was not certain he was proud of.I am not much of an equestrienne, she said. It was not an apology, just a statement of fact.By choice or circumstance?A bit of both, she replied, and she looked a bit curious, as if shed never thought to ask herself that question.You shall have to join me sometime. She smiled ruefully. I hardly think that falls within the scope of my duties to the dowager.Jack or else doubted that. He remained shadowed of the dowagers motives as pertained to Grace she seemed to thrust Grace in his direction at every possible occasion, like some piece of ripened fruit, dangled before his nose to entice him to stay put. He found it all rather appalling, but wasnt about to deny himself the pleasure of Graces company just to fire the old bat.Bah, he said. All the best companions go riding with the houseguests.Oh. So dubious. Really.Well, they do in my imagination, at least.Grace shook her head, not even trying not to smile. Mr. AudleyBut he was looking this way and that, his means almost comically surreptitious. I think were alone,he whispered.Grace leaned in, feeling very sly. Which means?You can call me Jack.She pretended to consider. No, I dont think so.I wont tell.Mmmm Her nose scrunched, and then a matter-of-fact No.You did it once.She pressed her lips together, suppressing not a smile, but a full-fledged laugh. That was a mistake.Indeed.Grace gasped and turned. It was Thomas.Where the devil did he come from? Mr. Audley murmured.From the small saloon, Grace thought miserably. The fascinate was right behind them. Thomas frequently spent time there, recital or tending to his correspon dence. He said he liked the afternoon light.But it wasnt afternoon. And he smelled like brandy.A pleasant conversation, Thomas drawled. One of many, I assume.Were you eavesdropping? Mr. Audley said mildly. For shame.Your grace, Grace began, I Its Thomas, he cut in derisively, or dont you recall? Youve used my name far more than once.Grace felt her cheeks grow hot. Shed not been sure how much of the conversation Thomas had heard.Apparently, most of it.Is that so? Mr. Audley said. In that case, I insist you call me Jack. He turned to Thomas and shrugged. Its only fair.Thomas made no communicative reply, although his thunderous expression spoke volumes. Mr. Audley turned back to her and said, I shall call you Grace.You will not, Thomas snapped.Mr. Audley remained as calm as ever. Does he always make these decisions for you?This is my house, Thomas returned.Possibly not for long, Mr. Audley murmured.Grace actually lurched forward, so sure was she that Thomas was going to lunge at him . But in the end Thomas only chuckled.He chuckled, but it was an awful sound.Just so you know, he said, looking Mr. Audley in the eye, she doesnt come with the house.Grace looked at him in shock.Just what do you mean by that? Mr. Audley inquired, and his contribution was so smooth, so purposefully polite, that it was impossible not to hear the edge of blade underneath.I think you know.Thomas, Grace said, trying to intercede.Oh, were back to Thomas, are we?I think he fancies you, Miss Eversleigh, Mr. Audley said, his tone almost cheerful.Dont be ridiculous, Grace said immediately. Because he didnt. He couldnt. If Thomas had Well, hed had years to make it known, not that anything could have come of it.Thomas crossed his arms and gave Mr. Audley a stare the sort that sent most men scurrying for the corners.Mr. Audley merely smiled. And then he said, I wouldnt wish to keep you from your responsibilities.It was a dismissal, elegantly worded and undeniably rude. Grace could not believe it. No one spoke to Thomas that way.But Thomas smiled back. Ah, now they are my responsibilities?While the house is still yours.Its not just a house, Audley.Do you think I dont know that?No one spoke. Mr. Audleys voice had been a hiss, low and urgent.And scared.Excuse me, Thomas said abruptly, and while Grace watched in silence, he turned and walked back into the small saloon, shutting the door firmly behind him.After what felt like an eternity, just staring at the white paint on the door, Grace turned back to Mr.Audley. You should not have provoked him.Oh, I should not have been provoking?She let out a try breath. Surely you understand what a difficult position he is in.As opposed to mine, he said, in quite the most awful voice shed heard him use. How I adore being kidnapped and held against my will.No one has a gun to your head.Is that what you think? His tone was mocking, and his eyes said he could not believe her naivete.I dont think you even want it, Grace said. How was it th is had not occurred to her before? How had she not seen it?Want what? he practically snapped.The title. You dont, do you?The title, he said icily, doesnt want me.She could only stare in horror as he turned on his heel and strode off.

Election Laws Cases Essay

1. Cayetano v. Monsod, 201 SCRA 210FACTS Monsod was nominated by hot seat Aquino as ch advertisewoman of the Comelec. The Commission on Appointments confirmed the appointment disdain Cayetanos objection, establish on Monsods alleged lack of the required qualification of 10 year law perpetrate. Cayetano filed this certiorari and prohibition.ISSUE Whether or non Monsod has been pursue in the practice of law for 10 yearsRULING YES. The practice of law is not limited to the conduct of cases or litigation in court. It embraces the preparation of pleadings and other papers incident to actions and special proceeding, the management of such actions and proceedings on behalf of clients, and other work where the work through involves the decisiveness of the trained legal mind of the legal effect of facts and conditions (PLA vs. Agrava.)The records of the 1986 constitutional flush show that the interpretation of the term practice of law was liberal as to consider lawyers employed in the Commission of Audit as engaged in the practice of law provided that they use their legal knowledge or talent in their respective work. The court withal cited an article in the January 11, 1989 issue of the Business Star, that lawyers nowadays book their get specialized field such as tax lawyers, prosecutors, etc., that because of the demands of their specialization, lawyers engage in other works or functions to meet them. These days, for example, most corporation lawyers are involved in management policy formulation. Therefore, Monsod, who passed the bar in 1960, worked with the World Bank theme from 1963-1970, then worked for an investment bank till 1986, became member of the CONCOM in 1986, and also became a member of the Davide Commission in 1990, endure be considered to have been engaged in the practice of law as lawyer-economist, lawyer-manager, lawyer-entrepreneur, etc.2. 18 December 1990G.R. No. 93867FACTSThe suppliant is challenging the denomination by the Preside nt of Associate Commissioner Yorac as Acting Chairman of the COMELEC, in place of Chariman Davide. The prayer argues that the choice of the Acting Chairman is an internal matter to the COMELEC. It is also averred that the designation done by the President of the Philippines violates the license of the COMELEC.ISSUEWhether the designation done by the President of the Philippines violates word IX-A, sectionalisation 1 of the Constitution.RULING member IX-A, Section 1 of the Constitution expressly describes all the Constitutional Commissions as independent. Although essentially executive in nature, they are not down the stairs the operate of the President of the Philippines in the discharge of their respective functions. Its finishs, orders and rulings are subject sole(prenominal) to review on certiorari by the Court as provided by the Constitution in clause IX-A, Section 7. The choice of temporary chair in the absence of the regular chairman comes under that discretion. That discretion cannot be exercised for it, even with its consent, by the President. The designation by the President of respondent Yorac as Acting Chairman of the COMELEC is declared unconstitutiona2. Sixto Brillantes, Jr. vs. Haydee B. YoracG.R. No. 93867. December 18, 1990. FACTS reticuloendothelial systempondent, as Associate COMELEC Chairman, was appointed by the President as Chairmanthereof, replacing originator Chairman Hilario Davide the former chairman was appointed to thefact-finding commission regarding the December 1989 putsch d etat. Petitioner moved for herremoval, stating that her appointment was contrary to Article IX-C, Section 1(2) of the 1987Constitution, where (I)n no case shall both Member (of the Commission on options) beappointed or designated in a temporary or acting capacity.Issue Is respondents appointment as Chairman in the case at bar unconstitutional.Ruling Yes. Article IX-A Section 1 of the Constitution expressly provides for the independence of th eConstitutional Commissions from the executive department this means that they are governedby the Constitution itself and cannot be under the control of the Pres.3. UNIDO VS. COMELECIn 1981, the BP proposed amendments to the 1973 Constitution. The amendments were to be placed to a plebiscite for the flocks approval. The YES vote was being advanced by KBL profanecos Party. While the NO vote was being advanced by UNIDO. To ensure parity and pertainity, COMELEC issued settlements 1467-1469 w/c basically provided that there be adapted opportunity, equal time and equal space on media use for campaigns for both sides. On 12 Mar 1981, Marcos campaigned for the YES vote via TV and radio from 930pm to 1130pm.The same was broadcasted shake up by 26 TV stations and 248 radio stations nationwide. UNIDO petitioned forward the COMELEC that they be granted the same opportunity as Marcos has pursuant to Resns 1467-69. COMELEC denied the demand. UNIDO assailed the denial as a denial of equ al protection in advance the laws. ISSUE Whether or not UNIDO was denied equal protection by fairness of COMELECs denial of their request.HELDThe SC ruled that UNIDO was not denied due litigate nor were they not afforded equal protection. It is the considered view of the SC that when Marcos conducted his pulong-pulong or consultation with the people on March 12, 1981, he did so in his capacity as President/Prime Minister of the Philippines and not as the foreman of any political companionship. Under the Constitution, the Prime Minister and the Cabinet shall be accountable . . . for the program of government and shall determine the guidelines of national policy. In instances where the head of state is at the same time the president of the political party that is in power, it does not necessarily follow that he speaks with two voices when he dialogues with the governed. The president is accorded certain privileges that the opposition may not have. Further, the SC cannot oblige T V stations and radio stations to give UNIDO free air time as they are not party to this case. UNIDO must sought- later(a) contract with these TV stations and radio stations at their own expense.4. SANIDAD vs. COMELEC181 SCRA 529Facts On 23 October 1989, RA 6766 (Act providing for an organic act for the Cordillera autonomous Region) was enacted into law. The plebiscite was schedule 30 January 1990. The Comelec, by virtue of the power vested by the 1987 Constitution, the motorcoach Election Code (BP 881), RA 6766 and other pertinent election laws, promulgated Resolution 2167, to govern the conduct of the plebiscite on the tell Organic Act for theCordillera Autonomous Region. Pablito V. Sanidad, a newspaper columnist of Overview for the Baguio Midland Courier assailed the constitutionality of Section 19 (Prohibition on columnists, commentators or announcers) of the said resolution, which provides During the plebiscite campaign period, on the day forward and on plebiscite day, no m ass media columnist, commentator, announcer or personality shall use his column or radio or television time to campaign for or against the plebiscite issues.Issue Whether columnists are prohibited from expressing their opinions, or should be under Comelec regulation, during plebiscite periods.Held Article IX-C of the 1987 Constitution that what was granted to the Comelec was the power to supervise and learn the use and pastime of franchises, permits or other grants issued for the operation of transportation or other prevalent utilities, media of communication or information to the end that equal opportunity, time and space, and the right hand to reply, including reasonable, equal rates therefor, for public information campaigns and forums among candidates are ensured. Neither Article IX-C of the Constitution nor Section 11-b, 2nd paragraph of RA 6646 (a columnist, commentator, announcer or personality, who is a candidate for any elective office is required to remove a leave of absence from his work during the campaign period) can be construed to mean that the Comelec has also been granted the right to supervise and regulate the exercise by media practitioners themselves of their right to expression during plebiscite periods.Media practitioners exercising their free SANIDAD vs. COMELEC5. LAZATIN VS. COMELECLazatin filed the flare petition assailing the jurisdiction of the COMELEC to annul his declaration afterward he had interpreted his oath of office, assumed office, and discharged the duties of Congressman of the 1st District of Pampanga. Lazatin claims that the mob of Representatives electoral Tribunal and not the COMELEC is the sole judge of all election contests. Buan, Jr., and Timbol (Lazatins opposition), alleged that the instant petition has become moot and academic because the assailed COMELEC Resolution had already become final and executory when the SC issued a TRO on October 6, 1987. In the COMMENT of the Sol-Gen, he alleges that the instan t petition should be assumption due ladder because the proclamation was valid. The Telex Order issued by the COMELEC enjoin the canvassing board to proclaim the winner if warranted under Section 245 of the Omnibus Election Code, was in effect a grant of authority by the COMELEC to the canvassing board, to proclaim the winner.A Separate Comment was filed by the COMELEC, alleging that the proclamation of Lazatin was illegal and void because the board simply corrected the returns contested by Lazatin without waiting for the final resolutions of the petitions of candidates Timbol, Buan, Jr., and Lazatin himself, against certain election returns. ISSUE Whether or not the issue should be placed under the HRETs jurisdiction. HELD The SC in a Resolution dated November 17, 1987 resolved to give due course to the petition.The petition is impressed with merit because petitioner has been proclaimed winner of the congressional elections in the first district of Pampanga, has taken his oath of office as such, and assumed his duties as Congressman. For this Court to take cognizance of the electoral resist against him would be to usurp the functions of the House Electoral Tribunal. The alleged invalidity of the proclamation(which had been previously ordered by the COMELEC itself) despite alleged irregularities in connection therewith, and despite the pendency of the protests of the rival candidates, is a matter that is also addressed, considering the premises, to the sound appreciation of the Electoral Tribunal.6. JAVIER VS. COMELEC 144 SCRA 194 G.R. NOS. L-68379-81 22 SEPT 1986Facts The petitioner and the sequestered respondent were candidates in oldtimer for the Batasang Pambansa in the May 1984 elections. The former appeared to enjoy more popular represent but the last mentioned had the advantage of being the nominee of the KBL with all its perquisites of power. On May 13, 1984, the eve of the elections, the bitter contest between the two came to a head when seve ral followers of the petitioner were ambushed and killed, allegedly by the latters men. Seven suspects, including respondent Pacificador, are now facing essay for these murders. Owing to what he claimed were attempts to railroad the private respondents proclamation, the petitioner went to the Commission on Elections to question the canvass of the election returns.His complaints were dismissed and the private respondent was proclaimed winner by the Second Division of the said body. The petitioner thereupon came to this Court, arguing that the proclamation was void because made only when by a division and not by the Commission on Elections en banc as required by the Constitution. Meanwhile, on the strength of his proclamation, the private respondent took his oath as a member of the Batasang Pambansa. Issue Whether or not the Second Division of the Commission on Elections authorized to promulgate its decision of July 23, 1984, proclaiming the private respondent the winner in the elec tion.Held This Court has repeatedly and consistently demanded the cold neutrality of an impartial judge as the indispensable shrill of due process. To bolster that requirement, we have held that the judge must not only be impartial but must also appear to be impartial as an added assurance to the parties that his decision will be just. The litigants are entitled to no less than that. They should be sure that when their rights are go against they can go to a judge who shall give them rightness. They must depone the judge, otherwise they will not go to him at all. They must conceptualise in his sense of fairness, otherwise they will not seek his judgment. Without such confidence, there would be no point in invoking his action for the justice they expect.Due process is intended to insure that confidence by requiring conformism with what Justice Frankfurter calls the rudiments of fair play. Fair play cans for equal justice. There cannot be equal justice where a suitor approaches a court already committed to the other party and with a judgment already made and waiting only to be formalized after the litigants shall have undergone the charade of a formal hearing. Judicial (and also extra-judicial) proceedings are not orchestrated plays in which the parties are supposed to make the motions and reach the denouement according to a prepared script. There is no writer to foreordain the ending. The judge will reach his conclusions only after all the evidence is in and all the arguments are filed, on the behind of the established facts and the pertinent law.

Condom Machines Should Be Permitted on Campus

Darren Tan Natalie Hudson, Ph. D. ENG 113 1006 November 1, 2012 Persuasion Condom Machines Should be Permitted on Campus An increase number of students is having trip outual chat in campus dormitories, thus increasing the need for condom machines to be placed on campus grounds. First and most(prenominal) importantly, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) has reported that 47. 4% of students have had at least one encounter of sexual intercourse during their terms of remove with only 38. % of them having employ any form of protection. This could result in an change magnitude risk of contracting sexually transmitted diseases (STD) such as syphilis, clap and the most fatal of all, acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). In 2009, an estimated 5,259 young adults (aged 17-24) were diagnosed with AIDS, and the numbers are button up increasing over the years. Second, 21. 6% of students engaged in sexual intercourse after consuming alcohol or drugs at college partie s.This could result in a higher(prenominal) percentage of students having unprotected sex, and it could to a fault expose them to higher risks of catching STDs if they have sex with unknown partners. Finally, having unprotected sex could also result in thrown-away(prenominal) pregnancies. Tunette Powell, a bright college student who used to do very well in coach, saw a plummeting in her results due to the stress from her unwanted pregnancy. She eventually had to drop out of school because she was not able to focus on her studies anymore, thus limiting her qualifications.It is more or less impossible to prevent sexual interactions between college students staying in campus hostels, but by placing condom machines on site, it will help to promote safe sex and at the same time greatly reduce the chances of acquiring STDs and unwanted pregnancies. Bibliography Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Sexual Risk Behavior HIV, STD & teenage gestation period Prevention. n. d. Re search. . Sexual Risk Behavior HIV, STD, & Teen Pregnancy Prevention. 2011. Research. 1 November 2012.

Deception Point Page 30

The president shook his head. Im afraid I didnt make myself clear. Youll be doing the briefing from where you are via video conference.Oh. Rachel hesitated. What time did you shake up in discernment?Actu exclusivelyy, Herney said, grinning. How ab pop out right instantaneously? allone is already assembled, and theyre staring at a big blank television set. Theyre waiting for you.Rachels body cristalsed. Sir, Im totally unprepared. I cant possibly-Just tell them the truth. How hard is that?But-Rachel, the President said, leaning toward the quiz. Remember, you compile and pass data for a living. Its what you do. Just talk about whats red ink on up there. He reached up to flick a switch on his video transmission gear, but paused. And I think youll be sunny to find Ive set you up in a position of power.Rachel didnt take what he meant, but it was too late to ask. The President threw the switch.The screen in front of Rachel went blank for a moment. When it refreshed, Rachel was s taring at one of the or so unnerving images she had ever insuren. Directly in front of her was the White polarity oval-shaped Off crosspatch. It was packed. Standing room completely. The blameless White House cater appeared to be there. And every one of them was staring at her. Rachel nowadays recognize her view was from atop the Presidents desk.Speaking from a position of power. Rachel was sweating already.From the looks on the faces of the White House staffers, they were as surprised to see Rachel as she was to see them.Ms. Sexton? a raspy voice called out.Rachel searched the sea of faces and found who had spoken. It was a lanky woman just now victorious a set in the front row. Marjorie Tench. The womans distinctive appearance was unmistakable, even in a crowd.Thank you for joining us, Ms. Sexton, Marjorie Tench said, sounding smug. The President tells us you father some news?33Enjoying the darkness, palaeontologist Wailee Ming sat alone in quiet reflection at his pri vate work area. His senses were alive with expectation for tonights event. Soon I will be the most famous paleontologist in the world. He hoped Michael Tolland had been generous and featured Mings comments in the documentary.As Ming savored his impending fame, a faint vibration shuddered through the ice beneath his feet, cause him to jump up. His earthquake instinct from living in Los Angeles made him sensitized to even the faintest palpitations of the ground. At the moment, though, Ming felt foolish to realize the vibration was perfectly normal. Its just ice calving, he re noused himself, exhaling. He still hadnt gotten used to it. Every a couple of(prenominal) hours, a distant explosion rumbled through the night as somewhere along the glacial frontier a huge foil of ice cracked off and fell into the sea. Norah Mangor had a nice counsel of putting it. New icebergs being bornOn his feet now, Ming stretched his arms. He looked across the habisphere, and off in the outdo ben eath the blaze of television spotlights, he could see a celebration was getting underway. Ming was not much for parties and headed in the opposite direction across the habisphere.The labyrinth of deserted work areas now felt like a ghost town, the entire noggin taking on an almost sepulchral feel. A chill seemed to have colonised inside, and Ming buttoned up his long, camel-hair coat.Up ahead he saw the parentage shaft-the point from which the most magnificent fossils in all of human archives had been taken. The giant metal tripod had now been stowed and the pool sat alone, surrounded by pylons like some kind of shunned pothole on a wide parking lot of ice. Ming wandered over to the pit, standing a safe distance cover song, peering into the two-hundred-foot-deep pool of frigid wet. Soon it would refreeze, erasing all traces that anyone had ever been here.The pool of water was a beautiful sight, Ming thought. Even in the dark.Especially in the dark.Ming hesitated at the though t. Then it registered.Theres something wrong.As Ming focused more closely on the water, he felt his previous contentedness give way to a sudden whirlwind of confusion. He blinked his eyes, stared again, and then quickly turned his gaze across the dome fifty yards away toward the mass of people celebrating in the press area. He knew they could not see him way over here in the dark.I should tell someone about this, shouldnt I?Ming looked again at the water, query what he would tell them. Was he seeing an optical illusion? whatever kind of strange reflection?Uncertain, Ming stepped beyond the pylons and squatted ware at the molding of the pit. The water level was four feet below the ice level, and he leaned down to get a better look. Yes, something was unquestionably strange. It was impossible to miss, and yet it had not become visible until the lights in the dome had gone out.Ming stood up. Somebody definitely undeniable to hear about this. He started off at a hurried pace towar d the press area. Completing only a few steps, Ming slammed on the brakes. Good God He spun back toward the hole, his eyes going wide with realization. It had just dawned on him.Impossible he blurted aloud.And yet Ming knew that was the only explanation. Think, carefully, he cautioned. There must be a more liable rationale. But the harder Ming thought, the more convinced he was of what he was seeing. There is no other explanation He could not believe that NASA and Corky Marlinson had someway missed something this incredible, but Ming wasnt complaining.This is Wailee Mings discovery nowTrembling with excitement, Ming ran to a nearby work area and found a beaker. All he needed was a little water sample. Nobody was going to believe this34As intelligence liaison to the White House, Rachel Sexton was saying, trying to reinforcement her voice from shaking as she addressed the crowd on the screen before her, my duties include traveling to political hot spots around the globe, analyzing volatile situations, and reporting to the President and White House staff.A ivory of sweat formed just below her hairline and Rachel dabbed it away, silently cursing the President for dropping this briefing into her lap with zero warning.Never before have my travels taken me to quite this exotic a spot. Rachel motioned stiffly to the cramped poke around her. Believe it or not, I am addressing you right now from preceding(prenominal) the Arctic Circle on a sheet of ice that is over three hundred feet thick.Rachel sensed a bewildered expectancy in the faces on the screen before her. They obviously knew they had been packed into the Oval Office for a reason, but certainly none of them imagined it would have anything to do with a development above the Arctic Circle.The sweat was beading again. survive it together, Rachel. This is what you do. I sit before you tonight with great honor, pride, and above all, excitement. mindless looks.Screw it, she thought, angrily wiping the sweat away. I didnt sign up for this. Rachel knew what her mystify would say if she were here now When in doubt, just spit it out The old Yankee proverb embodied one of her moms basic beliefs-that all challenges can be overcome by speaking the truth, no weigh how it comes out.Taking a deep breath, Rachel sat up tall and looked unfeigned into the camera. Sorry, folks, if youre wondering how I could be sweating my butt off above the Arctic Circle Im a little nervous.The faces before her seemed to jolt back a moment. Some uneasy laughter.In addition, Rachel said, your boss gave me about ten seconds warning before telling me I would be facing his entire staff. This baptism by fire is not exactly what I had in mind for my first visit to the Oval Office.

Albert Camus’ the Plague Essay

Can God possibly exist in a world full of madness and in averageice? Albert Camus and Samuel Beckett address these questions in The Plague and Waiting for Godot. Though their thinking follows the ideals of existentialism, their cultivations are different. Camus did non bank in God, nor did he agree with the vast majority of the historical beliefs of the Christian religion.His stance on Christianity is summed up most simply by his respect that in its essence, Christianity (and this is its paradoxical greatness) is a doctrine of injustice. It is founded on the sacrifice of the vindicated and the acceptance of this sacrifice (Bree 49). Camus felt that Jesus Christ was an innocent public who was unjustly killed. This does conflicts with all of Camus values. However, Camus did not believe that Jesus was the son of God.Camus inability to accept Christian theology is voiced in The Plague by Riex and juxtaposed against the beliefs preached by Father Paneloux (Rhein 42). Panelouxs atti tude toward the plague contrasts astutely with Rieuxs. In his first sermon, he preaches that the plague is divine in neckcloth and punitive in its purpose. He attempts to put aside his desires for a keen explanation and simply accepts Gods will. In this way he is not revolting and therefore falls victim to the plague.Father Panelouxs belief that there are no innocent victims is shaken as he watches a young boy die of the plague. Camus purposefully describes a long, painful death to achieve the greatest effect on Paneloux When the spasms had passed, short exhausted, tensing his thin legs and arms, on which, within forty-eight hours, the flesh had wasted to the bone, the squirt lay flat, in a grotesque parody of crucifixion (215). Paneloux back toothnot get across that the child was an innocent victim and is forced to rethink his ideas.During his second sermon, a change is seen in Father Paneloux. He nowadays uses the pronoun we instead of you, and he has adopted a new policy in which he tells pot to believe all or nothing (224). Father Paneloux, as a Christian, is faced with a decision either he accepts that God is the net ruler and brings goodness out of the evil that afflicts men, or he sides with Rieux and denies God. The conclusion formed by Camus is that because this is a world in which innocent peck are tortured, there is no God.Samuel Beckett does not necessarily deny the humanity of God in Waiting for Godot. If God does exist, then He contributes to the bedlam by remaining silent. The French philosopher Blaise Pascal noted the arbitrariness of sustenance and that the universe works based on percentages. He advocated using such(prenominal) arbitrariness to ones advantage, including believing in God. If He does not exist, nobody would care in the end, but if He does, a believer is on the safe side all along, so one cannot lose. In this play, either God does not exist, or He does not care.Whichever is the case, take a chance and arbitrarine ss determine human life in the absence of a divine power. This ties in with the two tramps chances for salvation. As one critic observes, For just as man cannot live by bread alone, he now realizes that he cannot live by mere thinking or respite on in vain to a thread of salvation which does not seem to exist (Lumley 203). This explains Vladimir and Estragons contemplation of suicide subsequently Godot remains absent for yet another day. maven could also argue, in the absurd sense, that each man has a fifty-fifty chance of salvation.One of the two prisoners who were crucified with Jesus was given salvation. This element of chance for salvation can also be extended to Pozzo and Lucky in Waiting for Godot. When they get on with across the two tramps, Pozzo is on his way to sell Lucky because he claims that Lucky has grown old and only hinders him. In this way Pozzo is exhausting to draw that fifty-fifty chance of salvation for himself. One of the ways in which Lucky hinders him i s that Lucky could be the one to be redeemed, leaving Pozzo to be damned. Even Luckys speech is concerned with salvation apt(p) the existence of a personal God outside time without who from the senior high of divine apathia divide athambia divide apaia loves us dearly with some exceptions for reasons extraterrestrial and suffers with those who for reasons unknown are plunged in torment. (28) After removing all of Luckys nonsensical meanderings, the gist of his speech is that God does not communicate with humankind and condemns them for unknown reasons. His silence causes the real hopelessness, and this is what makes Waiting for Godot a tragedy

Literacy for Adolescence Education Essay

The past couple of years have seen a much more focused and concerned behavior towards the curriculum followed by the savants and this has gained momentum in the last two decades where the standard stools made the statement planners and developers to go over and pay further attention as to what they are teaching their students. The behavior also came into existence after the gap between the educational standards of the foreign students and the American students was perceived as getting wider.This created a wave of panic in the educators who began to fear that their own students are lacking(p) behind in their work and educational standards which is going to have a deep and long lasting effect on the American country. As prowesss is also an educational work it also came under this movement and so the humanistic discipline schools are also now competing for existence and focal point deeply on their curriculum. The importance of arts cannot be denied by anyone as it plays a vital role in the students vivification and without it the students are denied the importance of visualizing whatever they are studying in their schoolbook books.The knowledge containing in the books are very important for a student to get the concept but without existingly visualizing what is written in the school text books that knowledge is not worth anything. The art becomes a medium for the students to generalise and to see what they are studying without which they would have the knowledge of the books but wont have any clue as to why or what that knowledge is referring to e. g. take an pinpoint for example.A student can be taught the basic definition, importance, function and parts etc of these basic building blocks but the students wouldnt be able to grasp the full concept behind an atom without seeing a picture of it and visualizing it. And this is where the study of arts comes in and develops the educational skills of the students. Art processs in exposing the students in encouraging their skills which can be gained through with(predicate) various forms of arts like drama, music, visual paintings etc.The school programs adopt both kinds of art forms and because of this varying schools promote and focus on it in different ways. This article makes an interesting and intelligent point that the teachers, rather than ripe rivet on making the students learn their course books, should encourage and help the students in developing their skills on their own. The teachers should focus that their role is not solitary(prenominal) to help the students to learn but also to make them see the actual hidden meaning behind the words and various subjects.For this arts has to be inculcated into the students so that they can focus on their true potentials. Not precisely the teachers but the parents and the education providers should encourage them to take maximum benefit from the field of arts as they can. But all the good things have a price to them and similarly the institutions should take the cost into account and make appropriate financial plans so as to increase and promote the use of art studies as much as they can.Through proper planning and focusing on the importance the education providers would be giving the students maximum chance to develop their skills.Bibliography High School Journal. (2008). Enhancing student learning through arts integration implications for the profession. Retrieved February 12, 2009 from <http//www. highbeam. com/doc/1G1-178674144. html>

Analyse the causes of the 1848 revolution in France Essay

fail the causes of the 1848 variation in France.With the ascension of Louis-Phillipe to the pile in July 1830, after the abdication of Charles X he waited to produce m some(prenominal) eventors in his favour that would front to warrant a successful monarch and long brave outing government activity. However, after 14 years the monarch, Louis-Phillipe, felt forced into a position where he had to abdicate, why then did the regime collapse so suddenly and out of the blue? Especially after it had overcome so more early difficulties to essay itself in the minds of the cut as an acceptable form of brass. I conceptualize the answer lies in a number of factor/causes.Long terminal CausesNotably, unrivaled of the sterling(prenominal) weaknesses of the monarchy was the fact that Louis-Phillipe could claim no even out to the thr superstar of France. The French Tradition concerning the crown was that of heredity right, and had occurred so for centuries, organism based, it was cl aimed, on the will of God. Therefore, although disliked no one could dispute the right of the Bourbons to suck the throne of France. Louis-Phillipe had no such divine right as in that location was no belief that the legitimate monarch should be re put by one of his relatives if he became unpopular. On what basis, then, was he ability? There only appear to be three basiss for a regime contagious right, the will of the people or the force of arms. Louis-Phillipe fulfilled none of these criteria. Indeed, the Orleaninst Monarchy was merely a useful compromise clutched at by desperate bring down owners who feared for their welfare in context of the future. The only way such forms of government can survive is if they manage to continue convincing their nation that they have the moral right to be in power and in so doing inspire confidence in their affirmers.Other long-term causes of Louis-Phillipe eventual spill can be traced to his policies, both foreign and house servant. What essential be remembered is that for the previous(prenominal) five hundred years France had been the most powerful nation in europium, a heroic and glorious past in which the French placed great importance in. This had ended with napoleons defeat at the hands of the tail coalition of European powers who had felt that their safety had been placed in question. This, napoleons last defeat, had occurred fifteen years previous and sufficient cartridge holder had lapsed for the French people to yearn a return to their glorious past and a reinstatement of their empire.However, Louis-Phillipe thought differently, ignoring his past (as a young man he was a refugee abroad which led him to view active/ scrappy foreign indemnity with suspicion) and his natural caution and desire for peace, one has to take into account the fact that the different major European Powers were determined not to let France hazard the security of the other European states once again. The fairy realized that it was likely that any provocation the Powers would attempt to impose their will upon France as they had done in 1815. He recognised the precarious position he was in thereof his highest priority was to avoid a general European war where he was sure to be opposed by Austria, Russia, Prussia and Britain. Evidence of this opinion came in the form of the Belgium question.Belgium previously of the French empire had been annexed to the Netherlands in an attempt to realise a buffer to future French expansion. The Belgiums were not apt with this blank space and so rebelled. They were successful. There was general fear throughout Europe that France would then again annex Belgium, simply this did not happen. France did not interject even though Louis-Phillipes son was offered the crown. Instead, France worked closely with Britain to ensure the license of Belgium. Later in Spain there was a power struggle, an area considered to be Frances sphere of influence, but again Louis-Phillipe t ried to gain no unjust advantage in the area. This behaviour of the French king was abnormal in the eyes of the French and wholly disappointing as again and again he refused to gain international advantage.In the late 1830s a foreign crisis emerged that would make the French people feel more than disappointment. The puff of air Empire was an empire that was struggling. The only way it managed to maintain its control was by establishing local rulers who had relative freedom as long as they well-thought-of the suzerainty of the Sultan in Constantinople. However, one leader emerged, Mehemet Ali of Egypt that had almost as a good deal power as the Sultan himself. This pleased the French as Ali was a client of theirs using a lot of their technology and intelligence. The European powers were insult with this and compulsioned to limit Alis powers. Thiers, the leading minister, began an obstructionist policy hoping that Ali would steadiness matters in his own way, Thiers even implied i t would be an issue that France would go to was over. unluckily Britain called Frances bluff as Britain and Russia forced Ali to accept their terms. Louis-Phillipe was humiliated as he wasnt prepared to risk a war with Britain and Russia he ignore Thiers and had to accept national humiliation. This specific incident led to enormous fretfulness and discontent among the French people. They felt that in backing down Louis-Phillipe had acted disgracefully and had humiliated the country. Furthermore, the subsequent friendship that evolved with Britain (a situation which Louis-Phillipe felt would be thriving to his position in Europe) added more salt to the wounds. France was playing a immature adjournner to Britain, the traditionalistic enemy. Louis-Phillipe was in a position where he could do no right. He wasnt in the position to adopt an aggressive foreign policy (that is aside from the fact that he didnt want to) which disappointed his subjects and in the scenario where he did become active he espouse positions that led to even more humiliation than inertia would have bestowed. other aspect of Louis-Phillipes reign that could of led to his downfall can be rooted in his domestic policy. Again here inactivity was favoured by the king. Once the regime was established and certain basic rules changed to the kings liking the kings view was that everything was working well so there was no use in tampering with it. Almost, that the system was beyond improvement. Unfortunately for the king, this was not a widely shared view. The main bone of discontent was concerning the on-line(prenominal) voting system. Many hankered for a reform oddly as there was emerging a new class, a group of men who considered themselves to be part of the social elite and yet who didnt have the right to vote. Their cause was championed by the Legislative assembly (with Thiers an ardent supporter) a situation which made manners more difficult for the king and his government.Another fo rmer for the eventual collapse of the July monarchy can be traced back to the actual soul of the king. By 1843 the king had reached his 70th birthday and although fit and alert he was, decidedly old and traits that he had exhibited earlier on in life became more pronounced. His talkativeness became something to be endured, he avoided making decisions altogether being satisfied with the current situation, His public appearances became less which meant he couldnt pass water and maintain personal loyalties, significantly he stopped reviewing the content concur in 1840, what Louis-Phillipe couldnt see was that he was leaving a pointlessness that could easily be filled be someone else on the author of a crisis. However these werent his only problems for the king one of his other problems was that he failed to play the part of the grand and great king that was traditional in France. He dull and boring, to be honest, he lived like a bourgeoisie merchant doing much for himself, wander ing through Paris unattended he was not the inaccessible monarch of previously. He looked and dressed in an undistinguished manner. This led to the claim that the king was insufficiently different from the habitual man to be worth having as king.Short Term Causes angiotensin-converting enzyme of the major problems that surrounded the Revolution of 1848 was the current economic depression. Due to industrial Revolution Paris had grown considerably which, even when the economy was healthy, created problems of indigence and poor live conditions. By 1846 there was far-flung unemployment tens of thousands of people were living in poverty or near starving. Also, around the same time a social conscience had begun to develop among the upper classes and the opinion was that something must be done. The king responded with his usual stoicism and stubbornness in that he felt that nothing could be done. This isolated some of his natural supporters and disenchant those who thought that the Jul y monarchy would be a flexible and responsive regime.There were many opponents of Guizot in Parliament, many of whom wanted to see him ousted form power. (NB. They wanted to grasp power for themselves not overthrow the king) One way which the felt impelling was the organization of banquets to champion the cause of electoral reform. They arranged a series of local meeting to whip up popular support. Instead the reformers addled control as they were taken over by extreme republicans who desire the overthrowing of the regime.Consequently the meeting were banned and made illegal. There was one repayable to take place in Paris on 22 February 1848 but subsequently it was illegal. A march took its place. When Louis-Phillipe then called on the National bulwark he recognized their reluctance and realized he judged the general irritability wrongly. He lost his nerve. He dismissed Guizot in order to propitiate the opposition but this instead gave hope to the agitators. The next day se rviceman then fired on a good natured crowd violent death 80. The Republicans used this to whip up anger and the vulgarilize a mob in Paris. On 24 February 1848 Louis-Phillipe abdicated.In a situation as complex as that of the Revolution of 1848 with so many interdependent causes it is asinine to attempt to satisfy such a wide ranging issue with one simple answer. There was a fundamental weakness in the July Monarchy in that it seemed to have no right to the throne what was unfortunate for Louis-Phillipe was that there were already alternative forms of government available if the current one became unpopular. Furthermore, his changing constitution was leaving a vacuum that could easily be filled be someone else on the occasion of a crisis. These both led to the kings support being considerable diminished at a time when it was most need.Moreover The kings lifestyle contributed to the widespread heart that the July monarchy had outlived its usefulness it was not that Louis-Philli pes lifestyle and nature glum friends into enemies rather, they contributed to the slump n moral which left the way open to those who stormily wanted change. As well as this his both unsuccessful domestic and foreign led to a more hostile general feeling towards the king as well as contributing to the internal tumult that eventually led to the kings unseating. In the immediate events leading to the kings abdication Louis-Phillipes senile imbecility (A. de Tocqueville) had a large part to play.His loss of nerve lost many of his last supporters, he failed to stand firm and weather a modest storm. His handling of the situation and especially his failure to call the army which might well have relieve him eventually led to his downfall. He allowed a small molehill to become a mountain for no strong reason. It is difficult to assess which of these factors played the greatest role, for, all of the long term factors appear of equal importance, on a par also with the backdrop of economi c depression and social soul that was concurrent at the time however the questions still remains whether these on their own would have been enough to make a successful revolution and if whether the king had acted correctly and strongly, he would not have fallen It seems it was the kings inactivity that pervaded every part of his professional and personal life (foreign and domestic policy, personality and lifestyle and ultimately in the last days leading up to his abdication) that eventually led to his downfall.(Felt that this wasnt a satisfactory conclusion, found it cloggy to articulate here, how could I improve it, there seemed to be so many possibilities)Use ready made alternative forms of govment in conclusion to direct why fist point was important.Domestic policy if their had been an electorate reform the regime would have won the cative support of the new groupPersonality- he was lifestyle- theyHort term- Louis-Phillipes lose of stubbornessdismayed his supporters who say this as an indication that the end was near and nobody wants to support a lost acuse. Louis-Phillipe was still in the position to use the army and stand strong but the lack of support shown by the National Guard seemed to have b

Defining the Humanities Essay

After reading this weeks lecture and my understanding of what humanities argon is the adopt of what state earn experienced and how they express this experience. Humanities are how great deal have interacted by dint ofout their existence and how people interact instantly. Humanities are the study of the philosophical beliefs of a close. The philosophical approach to understanding a culture is what separates humanities from science and history. experience and history are exact and seldom are open for debate once it is establishn to be fact.Science will set out to prove its point, whatever it may be, through with(predicate) precise calculations. Science also studies theory and probability. Science lacks imagination in their calculations whereas humanities use imagination to understand past culture. Science wants to prove how people came to exist whereas humanities seek to understand why people exist. History is different from humanities because history studies documentati on as facts and indisput adapted regarding what happened. Humanities seek to answer why it happened and to understand it.History was record in books in libraries, Humanities are written on walls in caves or in the design contained in buildings. Today cultures express their interests, their experiences, and their value through legion(predicate) forms such as art, music, and movies. Sharing experiences is perhaps the almost basic form of explaining who people are. By sharing these experiences in the forms of art, music, and movies, it allows us to share information about us through our creativity. In at onces culture these three forms of facial gesture allow people to try their individuality and to connect with many on different levels.Art takes many forms and is experienceed by an individual differently. Colors and design reflect our feelings. faint and white expresses loneliness and pain whereas bright colors express happiness. A painting for example, allows an artist to express themselves in a way he or she feels. It is their visualization of their thoughts (Kitchin, 2004). Society looks at the painting and is free to interpret it their way. One person may see happiness whereas another sees sadness. A picture of time square could mean chaos and seem overpowering to one from a rural areawhere someone from a city sees everything he or she needs. People continue to express themselves with music. The meanings behind the speech communication of the songs often come from the feelings and the experiences of the author. It is the responsibility of the musician to express those feelings and experiences through sound. melody with soul (Hakes, 2011). Music has been very important to our culture. Think of how important the Beatles were to instauration or even the Grateful Dead. My personal favorite band is Linkin Park. They are my favorite because I can relate my life to the words of their song.Their music attracts those DEFINING THE HUMANITITES 3 who ap pear to be weak or who do not appear to be societies strongest. Their song The Little Things Give You away(predicate) was written about Hurricane Katrina. The devastation from Hurricane Katrina was widespread devastation. Their song strains to reflect through music the pain and suffering affected by it. Movies are very much like music however instead of only simply able to hear words and visualize it the movies create the visualization for the person. Movies use sorting such as romance, action, and drama.Movies based on real life events attempt to capture those events and explain them. Movies can show the romance side of a situation or even the heroics. The recent movie Argo is about the travel of the United States Embassy in Iran, which was overrun. This movie reflects the horror that six members went through eyepatch showing the heroics of a CIA member to return the members of the Embassy to the United States. These three forms of expression will continue to exist as time co ntinues. They are satisfactory means of expressions and are a very important part of todays society.All three bring joy to people and if loose a person can express him or herself like no(prenominal) before. DEFINING THE HUMANITITES 4 References Kitchin, M. (2004). Art and expression. Retrieved from http//www. students. sbc. edu/kitchin04/artandexpression/artandexpression. html Hakes, T. (2011, March 11). Music as expression vs. music as entertainment. Retrieved from http//abovegroundmagazine. com/blogs/letter-from-the-editor/03/15/music-as-expression-vs- music-as-entertainment/